阿里云服务器配置nginx，阿里云服务器配置Nginx，从入门到精通的详细指南

本指南从入门到精通，全面解析阿里云服务器上配置Nginx的过程。涵盖基础知识、环境搭建、配置文件解析、性能优化等关键环节，助您快速掌握Nginx在阿里云服务器上的高效应用。

随着互联网的飞速发展，越来越多的企业和个人开始使用阿里云服务器，而Nginx作为一款高性能的Web服务器，已成为众多网站的首选，本文将详细介绍如何在阿里云服务器上配置Nginx，从入门到精通，帮助您轻松搭建属于自己的Web服务器。

准备工作

1、阿里云服务器一台

2、远程登录工具（如Xshell、SecureCRT等）

3、SSH密钥对（用于安全登录）

安装Nginx

1、登录阿里云服务器

使用SSH密钥对登录阿里云服务器，以下以Xshell为例：

ssh -i /path/to/your/key.pem root@your_server_ip

2、安装Nginx

阿里云服务器默认安装了Yum包管理器，我们可以通过Yum来安装Nginx。

yum install nginx

安装完成后，可以通过以下命令查看Nginx版本：

nginx -v

配置Nginx

1、修改Nginx配置文件

Nginx的配置文件位于/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，我们可以在该文件中修改Nginx的相关配置。

2、配置虚拟主机

虚拟主机允许一台服务器运行多个网站，以下是一个简单的虚拟主机配置示例：

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.example.com example.com;
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}

在上面的配置中，我们监听80端口，并设置虚拟主机名为www.example.com和example.com。location /部分表示匹配根路径，将请求指向/usr/share/nginx/html目录下的文件。

3、保存并退出配置文件

:q

4、重启Nginx服务

重启Nginx服务使配置生效：

systemctl restart nginx

测试Nginx

1、打开浏览器

在浏览器中输入您的虚拟主机名（如www.example.com），如果显示Nginx默认页面，则表示Nginx配置成功。

2、查看访问日志

Nginx的访问日志位于/var/log/nginx/access.log，我们可以通过以下命令查看：

cat /var/log/nginx/access.log

进阶配置

1、配置SSL证书

为了提高网站的安全性，我们可以为网站配置SSL证书，以下是在阿里云服务器上配置SSL证书的步骤：

（1）登录阿里云控制台，找到SSL证书管理控制台。

（2）购买并申请SSL证书。

（3）下载SSL证书文件。

（4）修改Nginx配置文件，添加SSL相关配置：

server {
    listen       443 ssl;
    server_name  www.example.com example.com;
    ssl_certificate      /path/to/your/certificate.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key  /path/to/your/private.key;
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH;
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';
    ssl_ecdh_curve          secp384r1;
    ssl_protocols           TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers              'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:50m;
    ssl_session_tickets  off;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    ssl_ciphers              'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+