Linux服务器配置查看命令，Linux服务器配置查看命令详解及实战应用

Linux服务器配置查看命令详解，涵盖系统信息、网络配置、进程状态等多方面内容，实战应用中，通过命令行工具如ifconfig、netstat、ps等，快速定位并解决问题，提升系统管理效率。

Linux服务器作为现代企业的重要基础设施,其配置信息的查看对于系统维护、性能优化及故障排查具有重要意义，本文将详细介绍Linux服务器配置查看的相关命令，并辅以实战案例，帮助读者全面掌握这一技能。

Linux服务器配置查看命令

查看系统信息

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（1）uname：查看系统内核版本、硬件架构等信息。

语法：uname [选项]

常用选项： -a：显示所有信息； -m：显示硬件架构； -n：显示主机名； -r：显示内核版本； -s：显示内核名称。

（2）hostname：查看或设置主机名。

语法：hostname [选项]

常用选项： -f：显示完全限定的域名； -s：显示主机名。

（3）cat /etc/os-release：查看操作系统版本、发行版等信息。

查看CPU信息

（1）cat /proc/cpuinfo：查看CPU详细信息。

（2）lscpu：查看CPU的详细信息，包括核心数、缓存大小等。

查看内存信息

（1）free：查看内存使用情况。

语法：free [选项]

常用选项： -m：以MB为单位显示内存信息； -g：以GB为单位显示内存信息； -h：以可读性较高的单位显示内存信息。

（2）cat /proc/meminfo：查看内存详细信息。

查看硬盘信息

（1）df：查看文件系统磁盘空间占用情况。

语法：df [选项]

常用选项： -h：以可读性较高的单位显示磁盘空间； -k：以KB为单位显示磁盘空间。

（2）du：查看目录或文件的磁盘占用空间。

语法：du [选项]

常用选项： -h：以可读性较高的单位显示磁盘空间； -s：只显示目录或文件的磁盘占用空间总和。

（3）fdisk -l：查看硬盘分区信息。

查看网络信息

（1）ifconfig：查看网络接口信息。

语法：ifconfig [接口名称] [选项]

常用选项： -a：显示所有网络接口信息； -s：以数字形式显示网络接口信息。

（2）ip addr：查看网络接口信息。

（3）netstat：查看网络连接、路由表、接口统计等信息。

语法：netstat [选项]

常用选项： -an：显示所有网络连接和监听端口； -r：显示路由表信息。

查看进程信息

（1）ps：查看当前进程信息。

语法：ps [选项]

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常用选项： -a：显示所有进程； -e：显示所有进程； -f：显示进程的完整信息。

（2）top：实时显示系统进程信息。

语法：top [选项]

常用选项： -b：批量输出进程信息； -c：显示进程的完整信息； -d：延迟更新时间。

查看服务信息

（1）systemctl：查看和管理系统服务。

语法：systemctl [选项]

常用选项： -list-unit-files：列出所有服务文件； -list-unit-files --type=service：列出所有服务文件。

（2）service：查看和管理系统服务。

语法：service [服务名称] [选项]

常用选项： status：查看服务状态； start：启动服务； stop：停止服务。

实战案例

查看服务器CPU信息

执行命令：lscpu

输出结果：

Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 4 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3 Thread(s) per core: 1 Core(s) per socket: 2 Socket(s): 2 NUMA node(s): 1 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel CPU family: 6 Model: 79 Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v4 @ 2.10GHz Stepping: 4 CPU MHz: 2099.999 BogoMIPS: 4199.99 Hypervisor vendor: KVM Virtualization type: full L1d cache: 32K L1i cache: 32K L2 cache: 256K L3 cache: 25600K NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3

查看服务器内存信息

执行命令：free -m

输出结果：

total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 4096 0 4096 0 0 0

查看服务器硬盘信息

执行命令：df -h

输出结果：

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/vda1 50G 0 50G 0% / devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /tmp tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /var/run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /var/lock tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /var/lib tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /var/cache tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/pstore

查看服务器网络信息

执行命令：ifconfig

输出结果：

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe5a:7e1f prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 00:0c:29:5a:7e:1f txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 3458175438 bytes 3.5TB (3.5TB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 3458175438 bytes 3.5TB (3.5TB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

查看服务器服务信息

执行命令：systemctl list-unit-files --type=service

输出结果：

UNIT LOAD ACTIVE (SUB) DESIRED MASK ├── abrt-ccpp.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-package.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-gdb-symbol.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-gdb.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-gdb.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-kernel.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-kernel.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-kernel.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-service.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-service.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-service.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python.py.journal loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.service loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-core.py loaded inactive dead mask ├── abrt-action-save-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python-python