Linux查看服务器配置的命令，Linux系统下查看服务器配置的实用命令详解

Linux查看服务器配置的命令主要包括：ifconfig、ip addr、netstat、cat /etc/passwd、cat /etc/group、cat /etc/shadow等。这些命令可分别查看网络接口、IP地址、网络连接状态、用户信息、组信息和用户密码等。以下是对这些命令的详解。

在Linux系统中，服务器配置的查看是系统管理和维护过程中不可或缺的一环，通过对服务器配置信息的了解，我们可以更好地优化系统性能、排查故障、保障系统稳定运行，本文将详细介绍Linux系统中查看服务器配置的实用命令，包括系统信息、硬件信息、网络信息、存储信息等方面。

系统信息查看命令

1、uname -a：查看系统内核版本、硬件架构等信息。

示例：

[root@server ~]# uname -a
Linux server 4.15.0-1057-azure #1 SMP Mon Dec 2 14:37:54 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

2、cat /etc/os-release：查看操作系统版本、发行版等信息。

示例：

[root@server ~]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="18.04.5 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS"
VERSION_ID="18.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=bionic
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic

3、hostnamectl：查看主机名、IP地址等信息。

示例：

[root@server ~]# hostnamectl
   Static hostname: server
         Icon name: computer-vm
           Chassis: vm
        Machine ID: 123456789abcdef
           Boot ID: 01234567-89ab-cdef-1234-56789abcdef
    Virtualization: vmware
  Operating System: Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS
          CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:ubuntu:ubuntu:18.04
        Kernel: Linux 4.15.0-1057-azure 4.15.0-1057.24.1.el7.x86_64
       Architecture: x86-64

硬件信息查看命令

1、lscpu：查看CPU信息。

示例：

[root@server ~]# lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                8
On-line CPU(s) list:   0-7
Thread(s) per core:    1
Core(s) per socket:    4
Socket(s):             2
NUMA node(s):          1
Vendor ID:            GenuineIntel
CPU family:            6
Model:                 79
Model name:            Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v4 @ 2.40GHz
Stepping:              4
CPU MHz:               2399.760
BogoMIPS:              4781.02
Hypervisor vendor:     VMware
Virtualization type:   full
L1d cache:             32K
L1i cache:             32K
L2 cache:              256K
L3 cache:              3072K
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0-7

2、dmidecode：查看硬件信息。

示例：

[root@server ~]# dmidecode -t 1
System Information
  System Manufacturer: VMware, Inc.
  System Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform
  System Version: 14.1.0 build-11238421
  Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
  Firmware Revision: 12.1.0-0-vmx
  BIOS Release Date: 07/24/2018
  SMBIOS Version: 2.7
  Platform Name: VMware Virtual Platform
  Platform Version: 14.1
  Wake-up Type: Power Switch
  Power On Hours: 0
  Battery Location: Motherboard
  Battery Type: Lead acid
  Battery Voltage: 3.742
  Battery Full Design Capacity: 4320
  Battery Last Full Charge Time: 0
  Battery Max Error: 0
  Battery Capacity: 100
  Battery Status: Unknown
  Battery Sealed: Unknown
  Battery Low: Unknown
  Battery Critical: Unknown
  Battery Life: Unknown
  Battery Life Remaining: Unknown
  Battery Manufacturer: VMware, Inc.
  Battery Version: 12.1.0-0-vmx
  Battery Technology: Unknown
  Base Board Manufacturer: VMware, Inc.
  Base Board Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform
  Base Board Version: 14.1
  Base Board Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
  Asset Tag: Unknown
  Chassis Type: Unknown
  Chassis Serial Number: Unknown
  Chassis Asset Tag: Unknown
  Processor Information
    Processor Information
      Processor Manufacturer: GenuineIntel
      Processor Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v4 @ 2.40GHz
      Processor Frequency: 2399.760 MHz
      Processor Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
      Processor Family: 6
      Processor Model: 79
      Processor Stepping: 4
      Processor Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer xtpr lahf_lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts npt lbrv dynamic_tsc tm2 ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe sha_ni xsave avx f16c rdpid lahf_lm xsaveopt
      Processor L1d Cache Size: 32 KB
      Processor L1i Cache Size: 32 KB
      Processor L2 Cache Size: 256 KB
      Processor L3 Cache Size: 3072 KB
      NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-7
    Cache Information
      Cache: L1d
        Size: 32 KB
        Speed: 2399.760 MHz
        Associativity: 2-way
        Line Size: 64 bytes
        Type: Data
      Cache: L1i
        Size: 32 KB
        Speed: 2399.760 MHz
        Associativity: 2-way
        Line Size: 64 bytes
        Type: Instruction
      Cache: L2
        Size: 256 KB
        Speed: 2399.760 MHz
        Associativity: 8-way
        Line Size: 64 bytes
        Type: Unified
      Cache: L3
        Size: 3072 KB
        Speed: 2399.760 MHz
        Associativity: 8-way
        Line Size: 64 bytes
        Type: Unified
    Memory Information
      Memory Size: 16384 MB
      Memory Speed: 2400 MT/s
      Memory Type: DDR4
      Memory Channels: 4
      Memory Slots: 8
      Memory Module Size: 16 GB
      Memory Module Speed: 2400 MT/s
      Memory Module Type: DDR4
      Memory Module Manufacturer: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
      Memory Module Part Number: K4A8G085WB-BCR1
      Memory Slot Designation: DIMM0-DIMM7
      Memory Slot Manufacturer: VMware, Inc.
      Memory Slot Part Number: Unknown
      Memory Slot Type: Unknown
    Device Information
      Device: Motherboard
        Manufacturer: VMware, Inc.
        Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform
        Version: 14.1
        Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
        Asset Tag: Unknown
        Chassis Type: Unknown
        Chassis Serial Number: Unknown
        Chassis Asset Tag: Unknown
        Asset Tag: Unknown
        Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
        Asset Tag: Unknown
        Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
        Asset Tag: Unknown
        Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
        Asset Tag: Unknown
        Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
        Asset Tag: Unknown
        Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
        Asset Tag: Unknown
        Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
        Asset Tag: Unknown
        Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
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        Serial Number: 55555555-555555-555555-555555-555555555555
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