飞牛私有云Fenos在虚拟机上的安装与配置全攻略

飞牛私有云Fenos虚拟机安装与配置全攻略，从环境准备到安装步骤，再到系统配置，详细讲解，助您轻松掌握虚拟机部署与优化技巧。

随着云计算技术的不断发展，私有云已经成为企业内部信息化建设的重要选择，飞牛私有云Fenos是一款基于OpenStack技术的企业级私有云解决方案，具有高性能、易用性、高可靠性和可扩展性等特点，本文将详细介绍如何在虚拟机上安装和配置飞牛私有云Fenos，帮助您快速搭建属于自己的私有云平台。

准备工作

1、硬件环境

- CPU：至少2核心

- 内存：至少4GB

- 硬盘：至少50GB

- 网卡：至少1个千兆网卡

2、软件环境

- 操作系统：CentOS 7.x（推荐64位）

- 网络工具：iputils-ping、net-tools、netstat

- 系统优化工具：nmon、iostat

- OpenStack组件：nova-api、nova-compute、nova-network、neutron-server、neutron-agent、keystone、glance-api、glance-registry、 Cinder-api、Cinder-volume、Horizon

安装步骤

1、安装操作系统

（1）下载CentOS 7.x镜像文件。

（2）使用虚拟机软件（如VMware、VirtualBox）创建虚拟机，选择CentOS 7.x镜像文件作为安装源。

（3）按照提示完成安装。

2、系统优化

（1）关闭防火墙和SELinux：

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0

（2）关闭swap：

swapoff -a

（3）修改主机名：

hostnamectl set-hostname <主机名>

（4）设置静态IP地址：

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

替换为实际网络配置：

BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=<IP地址>
NETMASK=<子网掩码>
GATEWAY=<网关>
DNS1=<DNS服务器1>
DNS2=<DNS服务器2>

重启网络服务：

systemctl restart network

3、安装OpenStack组件

（1）安装OpenStack依赖包：

yum install -y python-openstackclient openstack-utils openstack-selinux

（2）创建OpenStack用户：

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt admin
openstack role add --project service --user admin admin_role

（3）安装OpenStack组件：

yum install -y openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-compute openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-network openstack-neutron-server openstack-neutron-agent openstack-keystone glance-api glance-registry cinder-api cinder-volume openstack-horizon

4、配置OpenStack组件

（1）配置Keystone：

vi /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

替换为实际配置：

[database]
...
connection = mysql+pymysql://admin:adminpassword@localhost/keystone
[log]
...
log_file = /var/log/keystone/keystone.log
[assignment]
...
default_role_name = admin
[memcache]
...
backend = pylibmc
servers = 127.0.0.1:11211
[auth]
...
default_domain_id = default
admin_token = admin_token
admin_project_name = admin
admin_user_domain_name = default
admin_project_domain_name = default

重启Keystone服务：

systemctl restart openstack-keystone

（2）配置Glance：

vi /etc/glance/glance-api.conf

替换为实际配置：

[database]
...
connection = mysql+pymysql://admin:adminpassword@localhost/glance
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://localhost:5000
auth_url = http://localhost:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glancepassword
[glance_store]
...
stores = file
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images

vi /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf

替换为实际配置：

[database]
...
connection = mysql+pymysql://admin:adminpassword@localhost/glance
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://localhost:5000
auth_url = http://localhost:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glancepassword

重启Glance服务：

systemctl restart openstack-glance-api openstack-glance-registry

（3）配置Nova：

vi /etc/nova/nova.conf

替换为实际配置：

[api]
...
auth_uri = http://localhost:5000
auth_url = http://localhost:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = novapassword
[database]
...
connection = mysql+pymysql://admin:adminpassword@localhost/nova
[api]
...
auth_uri = http://localhost:5000
auth_url = http://localhost:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = novapassword
[compute]
...
vncproxy_listen = 0.0.0.0
novncproxy_base_url = http://localhost:6080/vnc_auto.html

重启Nova服务：

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-compute openstack-nova-conductor

（4）配置Neutron：

vi /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

替换为实际配置：

[database]
...
connection = mysql+pymysql://admin:adminpassword@localhost/neutron
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://localhost:5000
auth_url = http://localhost:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutronpassword
[service_location]
...
public_endpoint = http://localhost:9696
internal_endpoint = http://localhost:9696
admin_endpoint = http://localhost:9696

vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/openvswitch_agent.ini

替换为实际配置：

[ml2]
...
type_drivers = flat,vlan
tenant_network_types =
mechanism_drivers = openvswitch
[securitygroup]
...
enable_security_group = True
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

重启Neutron服务：

systemctl restart openstack-neutron-server openstack-neutron-agent

（5）配置Cinder：

vi /etc/cinder/cinder.conf

替换为实际配置：

[database]
...
connection = mysql+pymysql://admin:adminpassword@localhost/cinder
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://localhost:5000
auth_url = http://localhost:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = cinderpassword

重启Cinder服务：

systemctl restart openstack-cinder-api openstack-cinder-volume

5、创建OpenStack服务用户和项目

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt demo
openstack role add --project demo --user demo user
openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" demo

6、配置Horizon

（1）安装Horizon：

yum install -y openstack-dashboard

（2）配置Horizon：

vi /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings.py

替换为实际配置：

OPENSTACK_HOST = 'localhost'
...
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
...
CACHE_BACKEND = 'memcached://127.0.0.1:11211/'
...
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
    'openstack_auth.backends.KeystoneBackend',
)
...
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://localhost:5000/v3"
...
OPENSTACK_USERNAME = 'admin'
OPENSTACK_PASSWORD = 'adminpassword'
OPENSTACK_PROJECT = 'admin'
OPENSTACK_USER_DOMAIN_NAME = 'default'
OPENSTACK_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME = 'default'
OPENSTACK_AUTH_URL = "http://localhost:5000/v3"

重启Horizon服务：

systemctl restart httpd

验证安装

1、使用Keystone API验证：

curl -i -X GET http://localhost:5000/v3/users

2、使用Horizon登录验证：

在浏览器中输入：http://localhost:5000，使用admin用户名和密码登录。

3、创建虚拟机验证：

（1）在Horizon中创建虚拟机。

（2）查看虚拟机状态，确保其正常运行。

本文详细介绍了在虚拟机上安装和配置飞牛私有云Fenos的步骤，包括操作系统安装、系统优化、OpenStack组件安装与配置、创建OpenStack服务用户和项目、配置Horizon以及验证安装，通过本文的指导，您可以快速搭建属于自己的私有云平台，为企业内部信息化建设提供有力支持。