自己搭建对象存储服务器，基于OpenStack Swift搭建高性能对象存储服务器全攻略

搭建基于OpenStack Swift的高性能对象存储服务器全攻略，涵盖从环境准备到系统配置、数据同步及安全优化等关键步骤，助您构建稳定可靠的对象存储系统。

随着互联网技术的飞速发展，数据量呈爆炸式增长，如何高效、安全地存储海量数据成为企业关注的焦点，对象存储作为一种新型的数据存储方式，以其高扩展性、高可用性和低成本等优势，逐渐成为企业存储的首选，本文将详细介绍如何基于OpenStack Swift搭建高性能对象存储服务器。

OpenStack Swift简介

OpenStack Swift是一个开源的对象存储系统，由Rackspace和OpenStack社区共同维护，Swift具有高可用性、高扩展性、高性能和易用性等特点，适用于大规模分布式存储场景。

搭建环境

1、操作系统：CentOS 7

2、OpenStack版本：OpenStack Queens

3、存储设备：至少2块硬盘，建议使用SSD

搭建步骤

1、安装OpenStack组件

（1）安装OpenStack依赖包：

yum install -y epel-release
yum install -y openstack-selinux openstack-puppet openstack-keystone openstack-glance openstack-keystone memcached httpd mod_wsgi

（2）配置keystone：

编辑/etc/keystone/keystone.conf文件，修改以下配置：

[DEFAULT]
admin_token = admin_token
admin_user = admin
admin_password = admin
admin_project_name = admin
admin_project_domain_name = Default
admin_user_domain_name = Default
service_project_domain_name = Default
service_project_name = service
sql_connection = mysql+pymysql://root:mysql_password@localhost/keystone

（3）初始化keystone：

keystone-manage db_create
keystone-manage db_sync
keystone-manage bootstrap-configuration --bootstrap-password admin_password
keystone-manage user-create --name admin --pass admin_password --email admin@example.com --project admin --user-domain default --project-domain default
keystone-manage role-create --name admin_role --description "admin role"
keystone-manage role-add --project admin --user admin --role admin_role
keystone-manage service-create --name glance --type image --description "OpenStack Image Service"
keystone-manage service-create --name swift --type object --description "OpenStack Object Storage"
keystone-manage endpoint-create --service glance --publicurl http://192.168.1.10:9292/v2/%(project_id)s --internalurl http://192.168.1.10:9292/v2/%(project_id)s --adminurl http://192.168.1.10:9292/v2/%(project_id)s --region RegionOne
keystone-manage endpoint-create --service swift --publicurl http://192.168.1.10:8080/v1/%(project_id)s --internalurl http://192.168.1.10:8080/v1/%(project_id)s --adminurl http://192.168.1.10:8080/v1/%(project_id)s --region RegionOne

（4）启动keystone服务：

systemctl start openstack-keystone
systemctl enable openstack-keystone

2、安装Glance

（1）安装Glance：

yum install -y openstack-glance

（2）配置Glance：

编辑/etc/glance/glance-api.conf文件，修改以下配置：

[DEFAULT]
bind_host = 0.0.0.0
bind_port = 9292
debug = True
workers = 4
sql_connection = mysql+pymysql://root:mysql_password@localhost/glance
keystone_authtoken = http://192.168.1.10:5000/v3
auth_uri = http://192.168.1.10:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.1.10:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glance_password

编辑/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf文件，修改以下配置：

[DEFAULT]
bind_host = 0.0.0.0
bind_port = 9191
sql_connection = mysql+pymysql://root:mysql_password@localhost/glance
keystone_authtoken = http://192.168.1.10:5000/v3
auth_uri = http://192.168.1.10:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.1.10:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glance_password

（3）启动Glance服务：

systemctl start openstack-glance-api
systemctl start openstack-glance-registry
systemctl enable openstack-glance-api
systemctl enable openstack-glance-registry

3、安装Swift

（1）安装Swift：

yum install -y openstack-swift openstack-swift-account openstack-swift-container openstack-swift-object

（2）配置Swift：

编辑/etc/swift/swift.conf文件，修改以下配置：

[DEFAULT]
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
bind_port = 8080
cluster_timezone = UTC
devices = /dev/sdb,/dev/sdc
mount_check = false
devices_file = /etc/swift/swift devices
recon_cache_size = 10000
recon_cache_interval = 60
recon_scan_interval = 3600
recon_num_retries = 3
recon_log_level = INFO
recon_startDelay = 300
recon_worker_type = thread
recon_worker_count = 4
recon_scan_interval = 3600
recon_num_retries = 3
recon_log_level = INFO
recon_startDelay = 300
recon_worker_type = thread
recon_worker_count = 4
storagepolicy_max = 10
bind_service = true
bind_service_port = 8080
bind_service_name = swift
bind_service_protocol = http
bind_service_path = /

编辑/etc/swift/swift-account.conf文件，修改以下配置：

[account-server]
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
bind_port = 6002
bind_service = true
bind_service_port = 6002
bind_service_name = account
bind_service_protocol = http
bind_service_path = /

编辑/etc/swift/swift-container-server.conf文件，修改以下配置：

[container-server]
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
bind_port = 6001
bind_service = true
bind_service_port = 6001
bind_service_name = container
bind_service_protocol = http
bind_service_path = /

编辑/etc/swift/swift-object-server.conf文件，修改以下配置：

[object-server]
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
bind_port = 6000
bind_service = true
bind_service_port = 6000
bind_service_name = object
bind_service_protocol = http
bind_service_path = /

（3）配置存储设备：

mkdir -p /mnt/swift/account
mkdir -p /mnt/swift/container
mkdir -p /mnt/swift/object

mount /dev/sdb /mnt/swift/account
mount /dev/sdc /mnt/swift/container
mount /dev/sdd /mnt/swift/object

chown -R swift:swift /mnt/swift/

（4）启动Swift服务：

swift-init all start

（5）创建存储池：

swift storage-policy create policy-0
swift storage-policy create policy-1
swift storage-policy create policy-2

swift storage-policy set policy-0 /mnt/swift/account
swift storage-policy set policy-1 /mnt/swift/container
swift storage-policy set policy-2 /mnt/swift/object

4、测试对象存储

（1）创建项目：

openstack project create myproject --domain default --description "My Project"

（2）创建用户：

openstack user create myuser --project myproject --domain default --password mypassword

（3）创建角色：

openstack role create objectuser

（4）将用户添加到角色：

openstack role add objectuser --project myproject --user myuser

（5）获取认证信息：

export OS_PROJECT_NAME=myproject
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_USER_NAME=myuser
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_PASSWORD=mypassword
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.1.10:5000/v3

（6）测试上传文件：

swift upload myproject myfile.txt

（7）测试下载文件：

swift download myproject myfile.txt

本文详细介绍了如何基于OpenStack Swift搭建高性能对象存储服务器，通过以上步骤，您可以将OpenStack Swift部署到您的企业环境中，实现海量数据的存储和管理，在实际应用中，您可以根据需求对OpenStack Swift进行扩展和优化，以满足不同场景下的存储需求。